Chapter 11: Skin Analysis

1. All skin types are genetic.

2. The five skin types are: dry, normal, combination, oily, and sensitive.

3. The difference between dehydrated skin and dry skin is that dehydrated skin lacks water, and dry skin lacks oil.

4. The Fitzpatrick scale is a scale used to measure the skin type's ability to tolerate sun exposure.

5. Six of the most common skin conditions are:

• adult acne
• actinic aging from sun damage
• problems from hormonal fluctuations
• dehydration
• pigmentation disorders
• rosacea.

6. A skin condition is different from a skin type because it is affected by both internal and external factors, and is not just a result of our genetic makeup.

7. Some internal factors affecting the skin are free radicals in the body, genetics, stress, lack of exercise, lack of sleep, medications, dehydration, vitamin deficiency, improper nutrition, alcohol, caffeine, and hormones.

8. Some external factors affecting the skin are sun damage, environmental exposure, humidity, poor maintenance and care, misuse of products or treatments, and allergies.

9. Some healthy habits for the skin include: avoiding the sun and wearing sunscreen, using proper ingredients, a good diet, vitamins, water intake, exercise, and positive thinking.

10. The main cause of premature extrinsic aging is sun exposure.

11. The difference between UVA rays and UVB rays is that UVA rays have longer wavelengths that penetrate deeper into the dermis then UVB rays. UVA rays are also less energetic and affect the dermis, collagen, and elastin. They can also cause DNA damage leading to skin cancer. UVB rays are the main cause of sunburns and skin cancers.

12. Five contradictions for skin treatments are:

• Use of Accutane or any skin-thinning or exfoliating drug.
• Pregnancy
• Metal bone pins or plates in the body.
• Pacemakers or heart irregularities.
• Autoimmune diseases or diabetes.

13. The steps to a skin analysis are:

Preparation- prepare the bed and room. Set out the supplies and products on a sanitary maintenance area (SMA). Preparing the client and cover the hair.

Procedure- look briefly at the clients skin with your naked eye or magnifying light. Cleanse the skin. Use a magnifying light to examine the skin more thoroughly. Look closely at the client's skin type, and the conditions present and the appearance. Also touch the skin with the fingertips to feel it's texture. Conduct a brief consultation while continuing to analyze with the magnifying lamp. Ask questions relating to the skins appearance and the client's personal health. Discuss what you see with the client. Choose products for treatment and home care. Record the information on the client's chart at the appropriate time.

Clean-up- follow the aseptic procedure to avoid contamination.